HTML → CBZ/CBR

What is HTML?

HTML / XHTML is the structural language of the web and is literally the content format inside an EPUB; .mhtml (MHTML) packs a page together with all its resources (images, CSS) into one file, which is what "save as a single page" produces. XML is the general markup language that formats such as FB2 and OPF are themselves written in. The whole family is tagged text where the tags carry the structure, so how much structure survives a conversion depends on how well the tool understands them.

What is CBZ/CBR?

A comic book archive is not a real format but a folder of images packed in order: .cbz is ZIP, .cbr is RAR, .cbt is TAR and .cb7 is 7z, renamed so readers recognise it. There is no text layer and no typography — each page is a single full-page image, and reading order comes from filename sorting (which is why unpadded names like 1.jpg, 2.jpg … 10.jpg put page 10 right after page 1).

What to watch out for when converting HTML to CBZ/CBR

Extracting from the source

All structure lives in the tags, but real pages mix in navigation, ads and footers that a naive conversion carries along. Extract the content container first (a readability pass), and note that <img> usually points outside the file — images must be downloaded and embedded before producing a single-file format.

Writing the target format

Converting to a comic archive really just packs images under ordered names; all text is discarded. Zero-pad the filenames (001.jpg, 002.jpg) so sorting works, and note that .cbr needs RAR tools while most readers handle .cbz (ZIP) best.

Where the two formats interact

• Reflow is lost: the target freezes the layout, so readers can no longer change font size or line width. Long novels become zoom-and-pan on small screens — the most common reason a conversion ends up harder to read. Unless you need print or layout-critical delivery, keep a reflowable copy for reading.
• The target is image-only: all text in the source is discarded (or survives only as pixels). If your goal is content that can be searched, copied or read aloud, this direction is wrong — pick a text-preserving target instead.
• Going from a single text file to a structured archive adds information: the tool must generate the manifest, the navigation document and metadata for you. The quality of those generated parts — accurate chapter splitting, correct language tags — decides whether the result is usable.

Post-conversion checklist

1. Convert the first three chapters as a trial and check for lost text, interleaved lines or misplaced blocks before doing the whole book.
2. Check chapter splitting: the TOC entry count should match the real chapter count.
3. Confirm illustration count and placement — check that images are not all dumped at the end of a chapter.
4. Fill in title, author and language — a wrong language tag breaks typesetting such as Chinese line breaking.

Converting novels: what is different

Fiction is the most common and the most peculiar kind of e-book: hundreds or thousands of chapters, almost no figures, often nothing but a TXT source, and Chinese sources that frequently carry anti-piracy garbling. These are the points that bite hardest.

• The target has no notion of a table of contents, and not being able to jump to a chapter is the worst part of reading something long. If you will keep reading it, keep a navigable copy as well (EPUB or Kindle) and treat this one as the distribution or archive copy.
• Once a long novel is in a fixed layout, reading on a phone means zooming and panning. Fiction is the worst fit for fixed layout of any genre: almost no figures, all continuous text. Unless you are printing or submitting it, prefer a reflowable format for novels.
• Volume markers ("Volume One", "Volume Two") usually degrade to ordinary headings, losing the volume/chapter hierarchy. If that matters, promote volume headings one level in an editor afterwards so they are not siblings of chapter titles.

Tools for converting HTML to CBZ/CBR

Any of the tools below can handle this direction; pick one by your operating system and how many files you have. Read the previous section first — doing the steps out of order (converting a scanned file before running OCR, for instance) usually means starting over.

Common questions

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